Which trait could be both a competitive advantage and a survival disadvantage?

The selection of a mature male deer having a large rack as both a competitive advantage and a survival disadvantage reflects the dual nature of certain traits in evolutionary biology. The large rack serves as a competitive advantage during mating season, as it often signifies health, strength, and genetic fitness to potential mates. Males with larger antlers may be more attractive to females and have better success in fighting off rivals, thereby enhancing their opportunities to reproduce.

However, this same trait can become a survival disadvantage. Large antlers can be cumbersome, making it more difficult for the deer to navigate through dense vegetation, evade predators, or escape from hunting situations. Moreover, during non-breeding seasons, the energy required to grow and maintain such a large structure can detract from other survival needs, such as foraging for food or avoiding danger.

In essence, while a large rack may confer mating benefits, it also introduces vulnerabilities that could impede overall survival, illustrating the complex interplay between natural selection and sexual selection in the animal kingdom.