What structural process occurs in plant cells to form the cell plate during cytokinesis?

During cytokinesis in plant cells, the formation of the cell plate is a crucial process that involves the merging of vesicles. This occurs after the cell's mitotic phase when the cytoplasm divides to form two distinct daughter cells. In contrast to animal cells, where the cell membrane pinches inwards to create two separate cells, plant cells construct a new structure called the cell plate.

The vesicles, which originate from the Golgi apparatus, transport cell wall materials such as pectin and other polysaccharides to the center of the dividing cell. When these vesicles coalesce, they form the cell plate. This cell plate starts developing in the middle of the cell and progressively expands outward until it fuses with the existing cell membrane, ultimately contributing to the formation of a new cell wall between the two daughter cells. This process is essential in maintaining the structural integrity and functionality of plant cells, as they require a rigid cell wall for support and protection.

The other processes listed in the options do not accurately describe what happens during cytokinesis in plant cells. For example, while cell wall formation is a result of this process, it does not directly describe how the cell plate is formed. Similarly, the pinching of the cell membrane is characteristic of animal