What is the term for a single strand of a duplicated chromosome?

The term for a single strand of a duplicated chromosome is "chromatid." During the process of cell division, specifically mitosis or meiosis, chromosomes duplicate and each half is referred to as a chromatid. When chromosomes are duplicated, they consist of two sister chromatids that are joined together at a region called the centromere, which ensures proper segregation into daughter cells during cell division.

Understanding the role of chromatids is crucial in genetics and cellular biology, as they are essential for the accurate distribution of genetic material. Each chromatid contains an identical copy of the genetic information necessary for forming the next generation of cells. This terminology helps in understanding how genetic information is passed on and the dynamics of chromosome behavior during cell division.